HIP REPLACEMENT SURGERY

What is Hip Replacement?

In hip replacement surgery (or hip arthroplasty), an artificial implant (prosthesis) is placed into a damaged or diseased hip joint. It is useful for people who have arthritis, fractures, and joint degeneration, as it helps reduce pain, improves mobility, and restores normal joint function.

Why is Hip Replacement Needed?

  • Severe osteoarthritis, the most common cause.
  • Rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune joint disease.
  • Hip fractures due to injury or osteoporosis.
  • Chronic pain and Stiffness affecting daily activities.
  • Stiffness that makes sitting, walking, and climbing stairs difficult.

TYPES OF HIP REPLACEMENT

Total Hip Replacement

  • Both an acetabulum (socket) and a femoral head (ball) are replaced for cases of severe arthritis or damage to the hip joint.
  • The prosthetic parts can be made from metal, ceramic, or plastic.

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Partial Hip Replacement

  • Only the femoral head (ball) is replaced and the supplied socket is not changed.
  • Best used for hip fractures in elderly patients.

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Materials Used For Implants

1

Metal-on-Plastic

A metal ball with a plastic socket is commonly used.

2

Ceramic-on-ceramic

Known for its impressive durability and easy movement.

3

Metal-on-Metal

Less common due to concerns about metal wear.

PROCEDURE OF HIP REPLACEMENT

1.The patient undergoes X-rays, MRIs, and blood tests to assess joint damage.
2.The surgical area is sterilized, and general or spinal anesthesia is administered for a pain-free procedure.

Pre-Surgery Preparation & Anesthesia

STEP-1

1.The surgeon makes an incision (6-12 inches) over the hip.
2.The femoral head (ball of the hip joint) is removed, and the damaged hip socket (acetabulum) is cleaned and reshaped.

Removal of Damaged Joint

STEP-2

1.A metal, ceramic, or plastic prosthetic socket is inserted into the hip bone.
2.A new femoral head (ball) is attached to the thighbone (femur), ensuring proper fit and movement.

Implant Placement & Alignment

STEP-3

1.The incision is stitched and bandaged, and a drain may be placed to remove excess fluids.
2.Physical therapy starts within 24 hours, and full recovery takes 3-6 months.

Closure & Recovery

STEP-4

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